Calontir Submissions Status 2008

For results of submissions sent to the SCA Laurel-of-Arms office before 2008,
use the links above to check out the results of previous years.

The following items have been decided by Laurel.

ELoI Letter Designation: 20080223-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: February 23, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: June 2008
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: November 21, 2008

Submitter's Name & Group Item(s) Decision by Laurel

1. Alfgeirr skytja
New Alternate Name & New Badge Alternate name Abe no Tarou Hideaki registered
Badge RETURNED for redraw of the leaves. They are not oak leaves. Drawn with standard oak leaves, the submitted device would not conflict with the device of Uta von dem Lindenwald, Gules, in pall three linden leaves stems conjoined Or. There is a CD for changing the tincture of the field and another for the difference between oak leaves and linden leaves.

2.. Angus de Montfort New Name & New Device Name registered. Device registered.

3. Cristine Tailleur New Badge Badge registered.

4. Cristine Tailleur New Badge Badge registered.

5. Eleri Breuestere New Name & New Device Name Registered. The submitter should be informed that Eleri Breuestere would have been interpreted as a masculine name, not a feminine name.

6. Francis Bean New Device Device Registered

7. Geoffrey Lucas New Name & New Device Name registered. Device registered as Per fess argent and vert, a Celtic cross and a wolf passant counterchanged. Celtic crosses are Latin (with the lower limb longer than the others) by definition.

8. Guðrún Valdísardóttir New Name Change Name registered. Her previous name, Gabrielle de La Roche, is retained as an alternate name

9. Inga in danska New Name Name registered.

10. Johan der Hund New Name Change Name registered. His previous name, Johann of Axed Root, is retained as an alternate name

11. Ki no Kotori New Name Change Name registered. Her previous name, Ki no Torame, is hereby released

12.. Ki no Kotori New Alternate Name (Szabó Maria Alternate name Szabó Maria registered.

13.. Ki no Kotori New Alternate Name (Tacye Holyfield Alternate name Tacye Holyfield registered. Badge RETURNED for conflict with the device of Gwenllyen the Minstrel, Argent, three sprigs of holly inverted vert fructed gules. There is a CD for changing the number of holly sprigs but nothing for the orientation

14.. Murdoch MacFarlane New Device Device registered

15. Thomas the Black Resub Badge Badge registered

16. Victoria the Red New Badge Change Badge registered. Her previous badge, Per pall inverted argent, purpure and sable, in chief two triskeles counterchanged purpure and argent, is released.

The following items have been decided by Laurel:

ELoI Letter Designation: 20080326-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: March 26, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: July 2008
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: November 25, 2008

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Latest Commentary / Decision by Laurel
1.	Alexandra Gunnarsdottir	New Name & New Device	Name and device registered. This name combines English and Old Norse; this is one step from period practice.
2.	Alice atte Faleise	New Name & New Device	Name and device registered.
3.	Ambrose sans tonsure	New Name Change	Name registered. His previous name, Ambrose sans Tonsure, is released.
4.	Ambrose sans tonsure	New Badge	Device registered.
5.	Ambrose sans tonsure	New Alternate Name	Alternate name Zhaba Zagriazhskoi registered.
6.	Gyda glora	New Device	Device registered.
7.	Honnor{e'}e de Saussay	New Name Change	Her previous name, Onora O’Toole, is released.
8.	Ignatios ho Notadektes	New Name	This is returned for lack of documentation of the byname ho Notadektes as a plausible period byname. The byname hoNotadektes was submitted as a constructed byname meaning "spinebitter" [sic], with nota being proposed as a euphemism for"spine" and dektes for "biter". However, neither of these interpretations of the words are plausible; nota derives from notos"south wind; south", and dektes means "receiver, begger". No documentation was proposed that a compound along the lines of"south wind receiver" is a plausible Greek byname or, if it were, that Notadektes is grammatically correct.Additionally, a number of the commenters raised the issue of the potential offensiveness of the byname. The College wasunable to adequately judge this issue due to the repeated euphemisms used in the LoI. Therefore, we decline to rule on the issueat this time. Any resubmission of this byname should address this issue. In general, it is worth noting that if you can’t explainclearly what a byname means in an LoI without resorting to euphemisms to avoid offensiveness, the byname is likely offensive.
9.	Jordan Trost	New Name & New Device	Name and device registered. Submitted as Jordan Trôst, the byname was documented as a header form in Talan Gwynek "Some Early Middle High GermanBynames with Emphasis on Names from the Bavarian Dialect Area". The use of the circumflex in this article is strictlyeditorial, to indicate the pronunciation of long vowels, in the same way that acute and grave accents are used for pronunciationpurposes in de Felice. The article shows the 12th C form of the byname as Trost. We have dropped the accent from the byname in order to register it.
10.	Mary of Lillington	New Name & New Device	Name and device registered.
11.	Mirabel Wynne	New Badge	Device registered.
12.	Syele Weimarin	New Name & New Device	Submitted as Syele von Wamiern, von Wamiern was proposed as a feminine byname meaning "from Weimar". However, nodocumentation for this proposal was provided on the LoI and none was found by the commenters. There are three primaryways to form locative bynames in German: using the place name unmodified (e.g. Weimar), using an adjective formed from theplace name (e.g., Weimarer), and using von or van + the place name (e.g. von Weimar, van Luebeck). Of these three types ofbynames, only the first two differ when used by women; women will almost always use the feminine (formed by adding -in or-yn, and sometimes with the addition of the definite article) or the possessive form (formed by adding -s or in rare cases -en).Thus, appropriate feminine bynames based on Weimar include Weimarin/Weimars, Weimarerin/Weimarers, and von Weimar.An example of the first can be found in Brechenmacher, Etymologisches Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen, s.n.Weimer: Mechthilt die Waimerin, 1342.As the submitter asked for a feminine byname indicating that she is the wife of Wolfgang von Weimar, we have changed the name to Syele_Weimarin. If she wishes an explicit reference to her husband, we recommend the form Syele WolfgangWeimarin, following a pattern which is demonstrated in Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Women’s Surnames in 15th- and16th-Century Germany". (We note that this form would only be registerable in conjunction with a letter of permission topresume from Wolfgang.)
13.	Vilhjalmr half-troll	New Device	Device registered.

The following items have been decided by Laurel.

ELoI Letter Designation: 20070726-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: July 26, 2007
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: July 2008
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: November 25, 2008

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Decision by Laurel
10. (From 11/2007 LoAR)	Isabeau Beaux Yeux	Name (Pended from November 2007 LoAR)	Originally submitted as Isabeau Beauyeux, was registered under holding name of Isabeau of Forgotten Sea. Submitted as Isabeau Beauyeux, the plural form of yeau requires the plural form of Beaux. Additionally, examples of Beaux + X bynames in French do not run the elements together. *We have changed the name to Isabeau Beaux Yeux.*

The following items have been decided by Laurel

ELoI Letter Designation: 20080429-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: April 29, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: August 2008
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: December 12, 2008

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Latest Commentary / Decision by Laurel
1.	Arganguen filia Dinocati	New Name Change	Name Registered
2.	Conchobhar mac an Druaidh	New Badge	Badge Returned: This is returned for non-blazonability of the cross. The May 2007 Cover Letter explicitly defines the proper way to draw a Maltese cross: "Properly drawn, a Maltese cross should have four deeply notched arms, converging to a central point (or very nearly); and each arm should take up an angle as wide as the space between the arms." That cover letter discussion also provides an illustration. Maltese crosses should also have arms of equal length. The cross in the submission does not fit this definition, nor is there a term for this sort of cross, so we are forced to return it.
3.	Elspeth von dem Grünwalde	New Name	Submitted as Elspeth von dem Grünwalde, the submitter requested an authentic German name. The byname von dem Grünwalde was documented on the LoI as a constructed byname, but no dated bynames using the spelling grün- were provided. Bahlow, Dictionary of German Names, s.n. Grunewald dates Hinrich Grunewalt to 1322 and s.n. Wald(e) dates Wernher zu dem Walde to 1361. Margaret Makafee provides 14th century examples of the spelling gruen- from http://www.monasterium.net, including Ruedger der Piber von Gruenwerch 1319, Vlreichen von Gruenwurch 1340, and Anna die Gruenpekchinn in 1394. Together these examples supports Gruenwalde as a plausible 14th C form of the byname. We have changed the name to Elspeth Gruenwalde to meet her request for authenticity.
4.	Emery Le Fevre de Lyon	New Name & New Device	Name Registered Device PENDED to April 2009: This is pended for discussion of whether there is significant or substantial difference between Maltese and Santiago crosses. If there is not substantial difference, this will conflict with the device of Cristóbal Vázquez de Narriahondo, Per pale azure and argent, a cross of Santiago counterchanged. Commenters are asked to discuss the issue of conflict between these two types of cross separately from the Cover Letter proposal for methods of determining substantial difference between types of crosses, so that this submission can be ruled upon at that time even if the proposal is entirely rejected.
5.	Finn mac Dubgaill meic Cuill	New Device Change	Device Registered
6.	Isolda of Skye	New Name	Name Registered
7.	Jóhann Steinarsson	New Name	Name Registered
8.	Od Barbarossa	Resub Device	Device Registered
9.	Otto Augustin von Württemberg	New Device Change	Device Registered. The device is clear of the device of Amartine du Bon Coeur, Per saltire argent and azure, four ballpeen hammers, handles to center, counterchanged by X.2. There is substantial difference between a ballpeen hammer and a tau cross. Some commenters asked whether this could be a monogram, which are speciﬁcally disallowed. Since the charges are in a standard heraldic arrangement and do not appear to actually form a word, this is acceptable. His old device, Per pale azure and argent, a boar rampant counterchanged, a bordure sable, is retained as a badge.
10.	Robert MacPherson de Cory	New Name & New Device	Listed on the LoI as Robert MacPherson de Cory, the name was originally submitted as Robert Cory MacPherson, and changed in kingdom because of this precedent: "Submitted as Beatrice Lindsay MacBean, the submitter requested authenticity for "any" time period. Lindsay is a locative byname. All examples of multiple bynames in Scots found by the College have the patronymic byname (or inherited surname) before the locative byname. Therefore, lacking evidence that a locative byname would precede the patronymic in Scots, that byname order is not registerable. Authentic forms of this name would be Beatrice Lindsay, Beatrice de Lindsay, Beatrice MacBean, or Beatrice MacBean de Lindsay. As the last option is the closest to her submitted name, we have made this change." [Beatrice MacBean de Lindsay, 09/01, A-Calontir] Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Cory indicates that Cori or Cory was also used as a given name, deriving from Old Norse Kori or Kári. They give the patronymic examples of Robert Cori 1266 and Henry Cory 1297, 1327. These are sufﬁcient to give the submitter the beneﬁt of the doubt that Cory was used as a given name, which means we can restore the name to the originally submitted form and register it as Robert Cory MacPherson. The use of two given names with a Scots language byname is one step from period practice. Device: There was a discussion in commentary of whether or not this armory is slot machine heraldry. It is not. The primary charge group is the pall of lightning bolts. The secondary charge group is composed of two swords and a feather. Even though the arrangement is unbalanced to both period and modern eyes, there are still only two charge types in the secondary charge group. The use of lightning bolts, per section VII.6.a of the Rules for Submission, is a step from period practice. Device registered.
11.	Saerlaith ingen Chanainn	Resub Name & Resub Device	Name: This name has one step from period practice for the temporal disparity of more than 300 years between the 962 date for the given name and the 616 date for the patronym. Name registered. Device: While there is a resemblance between the tertiary charges and a cross crosslet, this is clearly drawn as four swords in cross, tips to center. Device registered.
12.	Uldin Vatavia	New Name	Submitted as Uldin_Vatavia, the byname was documented as an SCA branch name. The proper way to form a locative byname based on an SCA branch name is to use a preposition such as of or de followed by the branch name. Precedent from April 2008 makes this clear: However, because of [SCA branch names] are a special category of names, care must be used in how they are registered. Most branch names are not, and should not be, registerable without the use of the preposition of . This marks the name as a true locative rather than a name that follows a pattern of an inherited surname (which is a pattern consistent with the lack of the preposition). [Máire Black Rose, Caid-A] Since the documentation indicates that the given name occurs in Latin context, we have changed the name to Uldin de Vatavia, using the Latin preposition de. We note that Uldin of Vatavia is also registerable.
13.	Yamamoto Yukiko	Resub Name & Resub Device	Name Registered Device Returned: This device is returned because the gouttes are clearly in arch and the form blazons them as such. This practice is disallowed by precedent: "This device must be returned for using an arch of charges, a practice long forbidden in SCA heraldry." [01/2005 Atlantia R-Timothy of Shaftesbury].

The following items have been decided by Laurel

ELoI Letter Designation: 20080531-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: May 31, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: September 2008
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: December 31, 2008

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Latest Commentary / Decision by Laurel
1.	Aston Tor, Canton of - Sea-Sheep Herald	New Heraldic Title	Title Registered
2.	Aston Tor, Canton of	New Badge	Badge Registered
3.	Calontir, Kingdom of - Purple Quill Herald	New Heraldic Title	Title Registered as Purpure Quill Herald Submitted as Purple Quill Herald, precedent set above (Calontir, Kingdom of, Blanch Tyger Herald), requires that heraldic titles based on charges use French color terms. The Oxford English Dictionary s.v. purpure gives purpure as the standard Old or Middle French word meaning 'purple'. We have changed the title to Purpure Quill Herald in order to register it.
4.	Calontir, Kingdom of - White Tyger Herald	New Heraldic Title	Title Registered as Blanch Tyger Herald Submitted as White Tyger Herald, this submission, and others on the same letter, raised the question of whether we should allow the registration of heraldic titles based on charges which use English, rather than French, color terms. Previously, we have allowed both English and French color terms to be used in the registration of English heraldic titles following the "heraldic charge" pattern. This was because, up until recently, very little systematic research into patterns of heraldic titles was available. We are now extremely pleased to announce the culmination of many years' research, Juliana de Luna's new article "Heraldic Titles from the Middle Ages and Renaissance", which is an extensive (and on-going) survey of heraldic titles from all areas and times of Europe. Given this wonderful new resource, we are now in a position to reconsider some of our standards for heraldic titles. The article contains many examples of English heraldic titles following the pattern + or + . In these examples, the color terms used are always forms of the standard French color terms. We hereby rule that, barring evidence for English color terms used in English heraldic titles (either ones based on the "heraldic charge" pattern or the "knightly order" pattern), they are not registerable. We have changed the name to Blanch Tyger Herald in order to register it. We note that given the examples in Juliana's article of English charge names combined with French color terms in heraldic titles, this combination does not violate RfS III.1.a Linguistic Consistency.
5.	Calontir, Kingdom of - Brown Hawk Herald	New Heraldic Title	Title Returned No evidence was provided for the use of a non-heraldic tincture in heraldic titles following the pattern color + heraldic charge. Lacking such evidence, Brown is not registerable in the context of a heraldic title.
6.	Calontir, Kingdom of - Green Hawk Herald	New Heraldic Title	Title Registered as Vert Hawk Herald Submitted as Green Hawk Herald, precedent set above (Calontir, Kingdom of, Blanch Tyger Herald), requires that heraldic titles based on charges use French color terms. The ordinary French word for the color green is vert, and this term shows up in the real-world heraldic title Eagle-Vert or Eagle Vert Pursuivant, which dates from the early 15th C. We have changed the title to Vert Hawk Herald in order to register it.
7.	Calontir, Kingdom of - Blue Hawk Herald	New Heraldic Title	Title Registered The use of Blue in this heraldic title does not violate the precedent set above (Calontir, Kingdom of, Blanch Tyger Herald). Blue is a variant spelling of bleu, the standard French word for the color blue. We have evidence that the spelling Blue was used in English heraldic titles. Siren notes that J. Gairdner & R.H. Broadie, es., 'Henry VIII: September 1545, 21-25', Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 20 Part 2: August-December 1545, pp. 181-195, available at http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=80420, dates Bluemantle pursuivant to 1545. This allows Blue to be registered in English heraldic title contexts as a variant form of French Bleu.
8.	Calontir, Kingdom of - Batelur Herald	New Heraldic Title	Title Returned The LoI documented the title as following the heraldic charge pattern, but no evidence was given that the term "battler" picks out a unique and recognizable type of heraldic charge. Additionally, the LoI merely asserted that the term batelur dates to the Middle Ages, but provided no evidence to back up this assertion. Lacking these things, Batelur Herald has not been shown to follow period patterns of heraldic titles and cannot be registered. If the submitters would like to consider similar alternatives, Siren notes that Morlet, Etude d'anthroponymie picarde, les noms de personne en Haute Picardie aux XIIIe, XIVe, XVe siecles, dates the byname Batelier to 1299, and Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Battle dates Bataile to c.1140 and le Batel to 1327. Her article, "Heraldic Titles from the Middle Ages and Renaissance", provides examples of heraldic titles deriving from surnames in both French and English, which means that Batelier Herald, Bataile Herald, and Batel Herald would all be registerable.
9.	Cordeilla uxor Alexander	Resub Device (L)	Device Registered
10.	Halvdan Lynkehand	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Submitted as Halvdan Lynkehand, the given name was justified on the basis of the Old Norse given name Hálfdan found in Geirr Bassi and the names Halfor 1451 and Halvor 1476 found in the Diplomatarium Norvegicum, vol. 7, no. 443 and vol. 18, no. 101, respectively. However, justifying the switch in Norwegian does not mean that it is also appropriate for Old Norse. By the 15th century, when our examples of the switch occur, Old Norse Hálfdan had lost the and was generally spelled Haldan; the Diplomatarium Norvegicum has examples of this spelling in 1411 (vol. 1, no. 630; vol. 3, no. 602) and 1506 (vol. 1, no. 1018). As the submitter notes that he'd accept Halfdan if Halvdan was not registerable, we have changed the name to Halfdan Lynkehand in order to register it.
11.	Ignatios ho Notadektes	Resub Device (K)	Holding Name Ignatios of Grimfells & Device Registered Submitted under the name Ignatios ho Notadektes, this name was returned on the July 2008 LoAR
12.	Kamiizumi Hirotaro	New Name & New Device	Name Registered as Kamiizumi Hirotar{o-} Submitted as Kamiizumi Hirotaro, the given name is properly transcribed either Hirotarou or Hirotar{o-}. The May 2008 LoAR explains: Mitsuhide Shinjir{o-}. There was some question about the transliteration {o-} in Japanese names. Current precedent states: Submitted as Kato Tatsuko, the family name is properly transcribed with a macron over the o. This is typically shown as either Katou or Kat{o-}. When possible, the College of Arms prefers to use transliterations that use Roman characters. We have changed the name to Katou Tatsuko in order to register it. [Katou Tatsuko. November 2007] We note that ou and {o-} are equally valid transliterations; if one is used consistently in a name, there is no reason to change it to the other. Since the submitter indicates that he prefers the spelling that doesn't end in -ou, we have changed the name to Kamiizumi Hirotar{o-} in order to register it.
13.	Konrad von Rott	New Name & New Device	Name Registered as Konrad von Roth & Device Registered Submitted as Konrad von Rott, the byname was documented from Bahlow, A Dictionary of German Names, s.n. Rotter. However, as Walraven van Nijmegen notes: The documentation from Bahlow is inadequate. While it does indeed say that the byname Rotter is common in Bavaria and derives from the place name Rott, there are no dated examples of such a name. The only dated item under the heading Rotter is for Märklin der Rotter (1307), and this is glossed as meaning "harp-player". This is also the only dated example of this name in Brechenmacher (under the same header). I can find no evidence of a period place name Rott. Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "German Place Names from a 16th C Czech Register", gives Roth as a 16th C form of modern Rothau; this place name is similar in both sound and spelling. We have changed the name to Konrad von Roth in order to register it.
14.	Uldin Vatavia	Resub Device (K)	Device Returned The chess pawns, as drawn, are not easily recognizable as pawns. Only one person in four of the commenters and those present at the meeting recognized them as such. Therefore, we are returning this for violating RfS VIII.3, Armorial Identifiability. Since the non-fracted version appears to be a period variant of chess piece, we are not certain that it is possible to draw this design in such a fashion that the pawns are identifiable.

The following items have been decided by Laurel.

ELoI Letter Designation: 20080630-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: June 30, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: October 2008
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: January 9, 2009

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Latest Commentary / Decision by Laurel
1.	Abigail Rose of Nairn	New Name & New Device	Name Registered Device Returned This submission has a complexity count of 9 (azure, purpure, argent, gules, vert, pegasus, mullet, chief, rose). As such, it is too complex to register except in a simple, period design. Since the compass star is not a period charge, this cannot be a period design. Therefore, we are returning this device. On resubmission, the submitter should be aware that several commenters mistook the pegasus for a swan, and should draw it in a different manner, so that the charge is unambiguously identifiable.
2.	Daire Leboucher	New Name Change & New Device	Name Registered Device Returned This is being returned for lack of identifiability. None of the commenters and none of those present at the meeting were able to identify the primary charge from any distance. The problem is made worse by the fact that the monster is marked with Or markings and is on an Or field.
3.	Daire Leboucher	New Badge	Badge Returned This is being returned for identifiability issues. None of the commenters and none of those present at the meeting were able to identify the primary charge from any distance.
4.	Ki no Kotori	New Badge	Badge Registered Please instruct the submitter to draw the holly sprigs larger and to draw the tails on the fox more separated, so that the charges are more easily identified from a distance.
5.	Mairi Rose	Resub Badge	Badge Registered The submitter has corrected the issues raised in the previous return - the plummet matches the image in the arms of the Worshipful Company of Plumbers on their website (http://www.plumberscompany.org.uk/). Conflict was called against the badge for the Shire of La Grande Tente, (Fieldless) A pavilion purpure. Saker contacted the shire and they graciously provided permission to conflict. Because of the permission to conflict, we are not ruling at this time on whether a tent and a plummet are identical for purposes of conflict.

The following items have been decided by Laurel.

ELoI Letter Designation: 20080719-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: July 19, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: November 2008
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: January 28, 2009

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Latest Commentary / Decision by Laurel
1.	Russian Alternate Titles Proposal	Other proposal (18 alternate titles)	From Pelican: Changes to the Alternate Titles This month we considered a number of proposed changes to the Russian titles on the Alternate Titles List. We'd like to thank Lady Sofya Rous for the time and effort she put in to researching these proposals. The result of her research was both interesting and informative to read. For those who are interested, Sofya has made her proposal available on the web at http://www.strangelove.net/~kieser/Russia/RATP/RAT-List-Revision.doc It was also the Calontir July 19, 2008 Letter of Intent. Before we can discuss the changes which are being adopted and those which are not, we first need to make a distinction between three different, but related, things: titles, ranks, and forms of address. Rank is something that a person has, a title is something that he is called, and a form of address is something that is used to address him in speech. The differences are best understood with some examples. The SCA makes a distinction of rank between landed barons and court barons; however, in both cases, the title is baron and the form of address is 'your excellency'. In some cases, there is no difference between the rank and the title: a holder of an Award of Arms has both the rank of lord and title of lord, and is properly addressed as 'my lord'. In other cases, there is no difference between the title and the form of address: a person with the rank of knight uses sir both as a title and as a form of address. In still other cases, different ranks may use the same title; for example, holders of Awards of Arms and holders of Grant of Arms have different ranks, but both use the titles lord and lady. Similarly, the rank of heir of a kingdom is not the same as the rank of territorial prince, but the title prince is used in both cases. The proposal by Lady Sofya contained the appropriate medieval Russian terms for various ranks, titles, and forms of address. Of ranks, titles, and forms of address, the Alternate Titles List only legislates titles. This means that some of Lady Sofya's proposals will not be adopted, because they do not involve titles, but rather ranks and terms of address. In light of the information in Lady Sofya's proposal, we are adding the following titles to the alternate titles list: Velikii Kniaz (King) - Sofya cites Michell & Forbess, viii, xx, saying that "the title 'velikii kniaz' was used as the primary title of the Russian sovereign for the majority of the SCA period". It translates literally to 'grand prince'. Velikaia Kniagina (Queen) - This is the feminine form of Velikii Kniaz, found in Russian texts dating from 1284 to 1486. Kniazhich (Prince) - this literally means 'son of the Kniaz', and is appropriate for use by the male heir to a kingdom. The Russian chronicle year 882 refers to the knaizhich Igor 'Igor the prince's son'. Kniazhna (Princess) - this literally means 'daughter of the Kniaz', and is appropriate for use by the female heir to a kingdom. A record from 1573 refers to the daughter of kniaz Vladimir Andreevich as kniazhna. Kniaz (Prince) - this term was used for rulers of principalities such as Kiev, Chernigov, Galich, Ryazan, etc. These rulers were officially subordinate to the Velikii Kniaz. This title is appropriate for use by rulers of a principality. Kniagina (Princess) - this is the expected feminine form of Kniaz. Dvorianin (Lord) - the term dvorianin is used throughout our period for members of the dvorianstvo, the lower level of the two tiers of Russian nobility. Dvorianka (Lady) - while no period examples of this term were found, it is the expected feminine form of Dvorianin. These are intended to supplement Tsar, Tsarina, Tsarevich, Tsarevna, Pomestnik, and Pomestnitsa, not replace them. The following title is removed from the list of Russian alternate titles: Voevoda (Baroness) - The available evidence indicates that this term was only used by men in our period. Voevoda (Baroness) is replaced by Voevodsha (Baroness), the expected feminine form of Voevoda which appears in early 17th C records. We are not adopting the following proposals, since Sofya's information indicates that each of these are words for ranks, and not titles. Druzhinnik (Knight) Druzhinnitsa (Dame) Namestnik (Court Baron) Namesnitsa (Court Baroness) Dvorianin Bolshoi/Syn Boiarskii (male holder of a GoA) Dvorianka Bolshaia/Doch' Boiarskaia (female holder of a GoA) We are not adopting the following proposals, since Sofya's information indicates that they are forms of address, and not titles. Gospodin'' (My lord) Gospozha (My lady) Gospoda (My lords and ladies) We are not adopting the proposal that Masteritsa be added as an alternate for Mistress. While some sources translate Masteritsa as 'mistress', other sources translate it as 'seamstress; worker in a sewing or hatmaking shop'. The February 1997 Cover Letter, which contains the proposed changes to the Russian alternate titles prepared by Lady Predslava Vydrina, says: There is no feminine form of the Russian word "master." The modern Russian word "masteritsa" means "skilled woman" (not "master craftswoman") and does not reflect any other aspect of the English word "master." In addition, it does not seem to have been used in period at all. I suggest the masculine form be used as an alternative for "Mistress" as well as for "Master." Because this term could be used to describe someone who has a rank or status that corresponds to one lower than an SCA peerage, and because no new evidence was provided showing that Masteritsa was used in our period, we are reluctant to restrict its use to members of the peerages. The last three proposals concern the use of Boiar/Boiarin/Boiarynia. Sofya's proposal says: By far the most common term for members of the nobility in period Russian texts is boiare. Some have suggested that boiarin/boiarynia should be reserved for Lords and Ladies of all ranks. However, others have felt that the terms boiarin/boiarynia should be reserved for the higher ranks of SCA nobility, such as the Peerages and Baronetcies. Because of this disagreement [sic], the title of boiarin/boiarynia wsa omitted from the current alternate titles list. Some period Russian hierarchies may help clarify this debate...It is clear that throughout period, the boyars are an upper level of society with various inferior ranks between them and commoners...The above lists also indicate that the titles of the inferior ranks are a little difficult to pin down. It may be helfpul [sic] to consider that the two Russian words for 'the nobility' are 'boiarstvo' and 'dvorianstvo'. [Katzner, Sreznevskij Vol 1 p 163]...In all situations where relative rank can be evaluated, dvorianin is clearly inferior to boiarin. These issues illustrate the problems with trying to map a medieval rank structure, which changed over time, onto the SCA rank structure. There is not a clear one-to-one correspondence between the Russian ranks and the SCA ranks. While it is clear that the boiarin should rank above the dvorianin, it is not clear whether we should restrict the terms Boiar/Boiarynia to the peers and barons of the SCA. Because of the flexibility of the terms over time, we are reluctant to restrict their usage to the upper level of ranks in the SCA. At this time, we will not adopt the proposals to restrict Boiar/Boiarynia to peers and barons.

The following items have been decided by Laurel.

ELoI Letter Designation: 20080831-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: August 31, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: December 2008
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: February 28, 2009

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Decision by Laurel
1.	Aemiliana Villani	New Device	Device Registered
2.	Áine of Glencole	New Device	Device Registered Please instruct the submitter to draw the chief larger.
3.	Alys Knighton	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Please instruct the submitter to draw the goutte more prominently, so it is more easily recognizable. Also, while we accept this modern, tapered depiction of apples, apples in period heraldry were round.
4.	Alysandir Logan	New Name	Name Registered
5.	Angharard ferch Moriddig Hir	New Device	Device Registered
6.	Ávarr Hamarsson	New Name	Name Registered
7.	Dammo Utwiler	New Device	Device Registered
8.	Emeline de Moulineaux	New Name	Name Registered The documentation for the byname de Moulineaux did not provide any evidence that any of the French places modernly named Moulineaux were known by this name during our period. Unfortunately, the only dated form found in Dauzat & Rostaing, Dictionnaire Etymologique des Noms de Lieux de la France, s.n. Moulineaux is the Latin form de Molendinellis 1236-44. However, the place name is spelled in English bynames as Molyneuas 20 Edw. I and Molineux 1592, 1607 according to Bardsley, A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames, s.n. Molineaux. Additionally, the 1582 subsidy of London lists one Mr Moolenoxe, which certainly looks like an attempt to spell Moulineaux phonetically in English. Given these examples, we can give the submitter the benefit of the doubt that Moulineaux is a period form of the place name.
9.	Eydís Gunnarsdóttir	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered
10.	Gaston de Lurs	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered
11.	Gavin O'Shannon	Resub Device	Device Registered His previous device, Argent, a stag's head couped affronty sable and on a chief embattled purpure a wolf passant argent, is released.
12.	Hanne Abendschein	New Name & New Device	Name Registered Device Returned This device is in conflict with that of Jaromir Mikhailovich, Azure, on a pile Or a sun gules. We do not give a type difference for the difference between a sun and a compass star, by precedent: ... no difference between suns and multi-pointed mullets -- which includes compass stars. [Friedrich von Rabenstein 06/93 R-Caid] Since there is no CD granted for the change of only the tincture of the tertiary charge (gules to purpure), there is only the CD for the change of the field, and this device must be returned.
13.	Ilene ingen Ruadhagáin	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered This name combines Scots and Gaelic; this is one step from period practice. The use of a hummingbird, which is a New World bird, is a step from period practice.
14.	Ingeborg bildrbriotr Ulfsdottir	New Name	Name Registered Submitted as Ingeborg bildrbriotr Ulfsdottir, the byname bildrbriotr was constructed to mean 'axe-breaker'. Precedent from August 2008 notes that in Old Norse bynames following the pattern -briotr, the first element needs to be in the genitive case: Submitted as Ragnarr rifbrjótr, all the documented examples of X-brjótr that were supplied on the LoI and by the commenters have the X element in the genitive case. We have changed the name to Ragnarr rifsbbrjótr [sic] to match the documented examples and fix the grammar [Ragnarr rifsbrjótr, Atlantia-A]. We have changed the name to Ingeborg bildsbriotr Ulfsdottir in order to register it.
15.	Isfandiyar ibn al-A`rabi	New Name	Name Registered The submitter requested authenticity for the 12th century. Both elements were documented from a source which was composed in the early 11th century, and contains names that were in use before then. We do not have examples of either element in the 12th century, so we cannot confirm that this name is authentic for his desired period.
16.	James de Sommerville	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered
17.	James of Doncaster	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Please inform the submitter that the lions should be drawn larger, nearly equivalent to the size of the vol. Period depictions of a group of three co-primary charges frequently have the one in base slightly larger than the two in chief, but there is usually not quite this much difference in the sizes.
18.	James of Odo	New Name & New Badge	Name & Badge Registered This badge is clear of Sean Ruabarua MacGillaphaidraic, Vert, an axe Or. There is a CD for the difference between a fieldless design and one with a field. There is another CD for the difference between an axe and a pick. This badge is also clear of the badge of Hrodr-navar Hakonsson, (Fieldless) A warhammer Or. There is a CD for the fieldless design and another CD for the difference between a warhammer and a pick. Lastly, it is also clear of the device of Aubrey of the North Wind, Argent, on a pile embattled sable a battle-axe Or. Precedent says: While we consider piles to conflict with chaussé fields, a field with a pile is not reblazonable as having a chaussé field, as there is an artistic distinction that we enforce: piles do not issue from the corners of the shield. [11/00 Roiberd Mor Barra. A-Drachenwald] Therefore, these are clear by X.2, since a pile and a pickaxe are substantially different charges.
19.	Jóhann Steinarsson	New Device	Device Registered
20.	Liesl Gelücke	New Name & New Device	Name Registered as Lysel Gelücke Device Registered Submitted as Liesel Gelücke, the given name Liesel was documented from Academy of S. Gabriel Report #2910. However, the report says: Liesel is a diminutive of Liese, a pet form of (Elisabeth) [2]. We have not found a period example of (Liesel) in any spelling or of (Liese) in that specific spelling, but in our Arnsburg data the spelling (Lyse) is well represented in the first half of the 14th century and is found through the 15th century. The diminutive suffix <-ele> (occasionally <-el>) is also well represented in that period: [3] Cunzele from Kunegunde Meckele from Mechtild Rychele from some name beginning with Rich-, e.g., Richlinde Gudel from Gude Kunzele from Kunegunde, a spelling variant of the first example Irmele from likely Irmengard The first three above examples date from 1300-1350, the next two from 1350-1400, and the last from 1400-1500. [2] Drosdowski, Guenther, Duden Lexikon der Vornamen, 2nd ed. (Mannheim: Dudenverlag, 1974), s.n. (Liese). [3] Mulch, Roland, Arnsburger Personennamen: Untersuchungen zum Namenmaterial aus Arnsburger Urkunden vom 13. - 16. Jahrhundert (Darmstadt & Marburg: Hessische Historische Kommission Darmstadt and the Historische Kommission für Hessen, 1974), 38ff, 79, 312. None of the commenters were able to provide evidence for either Liese or Liesel in our period. Barring such evidence, these spellings are not registerable. The information from the S. Gabriel Report suggests that Lysel is a possible form of the name, though Lysele is more likely. We have changed the name to Lysel Gelücke in order to register it.
21.	Luckie of Falcon's Keep	New Name	Name Registered Falcon's Keep is the registered name of an SCA branch.
22.	Margaret Bruce	New Name Change	Name Registered Listed on the LoI as Margaret Bruse, the name was originally submitted as Margaret Bruce and changed in kingdom because no support for the spelling Bruce was found. Pelican Emeritus provides information about the form Bruce: Despite its apparent absense [sic] from Black, (Bruce) is a fine 16th C Scottish spelling for this name. Register of the Minister, Elders, and Deacons of the Christian Congregation of St. Andrews: Comprising the Proceedings of the Kirk Session and of the Court of the Superintendent of Fife, Fothrik, and Strathearn, 1559-1600 By Saint Andrews (Parish: Fife, Scotland), David Hay Fleming, Scotland Saint Andrews, p 561, lists an (Elizabeth Bruce) in 1586, the same woman in listed a few pages later as (Bessy Bruce). p 515 cites "Nicholl Mane, William Bruce" in 1581. The same work, p 538 has a (Margaret Bane) in 1584. While it is possible that the names spellings are normalized, the surrounding text is consistent with 16th C Scots spellings, so I see no reason to believe these aren't the original forms. All in all, the originally submitted (Margaret Bruce) is a fine 16th C Scots name. Based on this information, we have restored the name to the originally submitted form. Her previous name, Mairghead de Chesholme, is released.
23.	Nikolena Martinovna Popriadukhina	New Name Change & New Device Change	Name & Device Registered Her previous name, Svetokhna Nikolaevna doch', is released. Her previous device, Lozengy argent and gules, two bears combatant sable within a bordure Or, is released.
24.	Randalín Gunnarsdóttir	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered The use of a chief doubly enarched is a step from period practice.
25.	Ravasz Janos	New Acceptance of Armory Transfer	Acceptance of transfer of joint badge from Three Rivers, Barony of. Lozengy argent and vert, a pall wavy azure fimbriated Or.
26.	Raven Blikize	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered There is a step from period practice for the use of the ululant posture. Since that is the only step, we can register this device.
27.	Seathrún Mag Aonghuis	New Device	Device Registered The submitter has permission to conflict with the device of Duryn the Red, Gules, upon a chevron Or, a wheel of five spokes between two double-axes gules. Please instruct the submitter to draw the chevron steeper so that it is better centered on the field.
28.	Tatiana Nikonovna Besprozvannyja	New Badge	Badge Registered
29.	Three Rivers, Barony of	New Armory Transfer	Transfer of badge to Ravasz János and Kajsa Nikulasdotter. Lozengy argent and vert, a pall wavy azure fimbriated Or. The barony is transferring their badge to their sitting baron and baroness. Though not normally required for a transfer, the barony was asked to provide a petition showing their support. This was done to avoid any appearance of impropriety. The barony happily provided the requested petition. We thank them for their courtesy and swift response.
30.	Violet Sinclair	New Name	Name Registered
31.	Wilhelm Lich	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered
32.	Wilhelm Lich	New Household Name	Name Registered Household name Five Shields House. Listed on the LoI as House of_Fifeshields, the household name was originally submitted as House of Five_Shields and changed in kingdom to match the available documentation. However, the original form Five Shields is a plausible household name badsed on a sign. Pelican Emeritus says: I disagree that the documentation supports (House of Fifeshields) better than the originally submitted (House of Five Shields). While (Fifeshields) is consistent with a surname formed from a household name, at least in the 16th and 17th C C, the usual form is (number (space) (items)). My article "Comparison of Inn/Shop/House names found London 1473-1600 with those found in the ten shires surrounding London in 1636" (http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/~grm/signs-1485-1636.html) has Three arrowes Three connies Three cranes three cranes in the vinetree Three kings iii kynges Thre kynges Three Pidgeons Three squirrels Three Tunns Three Tunnes. And Ragged Staff notes that The OED s.v. five (n,a) has an example of this spelling in our period: 1591 in Nichols Progr. Q. Eliz. III. 117 In this square they..played, five to five, with the hand-ball. Although this evidence shows that the form Five Shields is plausible, the formation House of Five Shields is not correct. Precedent from August 2008 says: Finally, we note that none of the examples of household names based on signs that were provided on the LoI or in commentary support the pattern House [of] X. Instead, the documented patterns include X (with no designator; note that this pattern is not registerable as it violates RfS III.2.b), X Inn, X Tavern, X Brewhouse, and Sign of X. [Mederic de Chastelerault and Ameera al-Sarrakha, Atenveldt-R] Since the Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. house, notes that the unmodified term house was used in the 16th C in reference to inns, taverns, public houses, brewhouses, and the like, the examples in this precedent also support the pattern X House. On the basis of this information we are registering the name as _Five Shields House.

The following items have been decided by Laurel.

ELoI Letter Designation: 20080930-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: September 30, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: January 2009
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: April 8, 2009

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Decision by Laurel
1.	Aleksei Chernobai	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered
2.	Connell Ó Carroll	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Submitted as Connell O'Carroll, the given name Connell was documented from Ó Corráin & Maguire, Irish Names, s.n. Conall, which says that the name "could be anglicised Conall or Connell." Unless they explicitly say otherwise, when Ó Corráin & Maguire are discussing anglicized forms they are discussing modern usage. A statement that Connell "could be" a modern anglicization of Conall is not sufficient documentation for the name to be registered. Rowel provided information about period Anglicized Irish forms of Conall: [From the] indentures transcribed in footnotes in O'Donovan, John, Annals of Ireland, by the Four Masters, Volumes 1-7 (New York, N.Y.: AMS Press, 1966). volume 5, pp. 1651-1652 10 Feb 1570 Conall Mc Shane O'Fferrall of Dromed We have changed the name to Conall O'Carroll to match the available documentation. There was some question as to whether this was slot-machine heraldry, having three types of charge in the same charge group. It is not. The primary charge group is the arm and the hammer; the wolf's teeth are a secondary, peripheral, charge group.
3.	Folland von Wulfhagen	New Name Change	Name Registered His previous name, Faolan MacThighearnain, is released.
4.	Giric MacLeod (Pennsic submission)	New Name	Name Registered
5.	Isibel Hallberudóttir (Pennsic submission)	New Name & New Device	Name Registered Device Returned The device is returned for a redraw. Commenters were unable to identify the primary charge as a winged tyger, citing the shape of the head, the long fluffy tail, the bird-like feet, and the small size of the beak. Therefore, this is returned for violating section VII.7.a of the Rules for Submission, which requires that "Elements must be recognizable solely from their appearance." Properly drawn, this would be clear of Robin Christophe Griffaud, Purpure, a griffin, couped at the breast, wings elevated and addorsed contourney argent, within a bordure embattled Or. There is X.2 difference between a demi-griffin and a winged tyger.
6.	Johanne of Fisher Gate	New Badge	Badge Returned This badge conflicts with the device of La Rana, Vert, on a cushion Or, a frog sejant affronty vert, crowned Or. There is a CD for the lack of a field. There is no difference between a cushion and a woolpack. Since a woolpack is not simple enough in outline to void, changing only the type of the tertiary charge, from a frog to a thistle, is insufficient for a second CD.
7.	Julia Laing	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered There is a step from period practice for the use of a penguin. Please inform the submitter that the sable sections surrounding the white belly and neck need to be much thicker, so that none of the white of the bird is against the white field. Since the penguin drawn properly has no white against the white field, and the penguin is still identifiable, this submission does not need to be returned for a redraw.
8.	Juliana de Loxelegh	New Name	Name Registered
9.	Kenrick Dryden	Resub Device (Laurel)	Device Registered The LoI failed to mention the fact that the bordure is embattled. As sufficient commenters noted this fact, this need not be pended for further conflict checking. Please instruct the submitter to not draw masonry above the top bricks: the argent masonry disappears into the argent field.
10.	Sabyn ingen Eochada	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered This name combines English and Gaelic; this is one step from period practice.
11.	Stefan of Reading (Pennsic submission)	New Name & New Device	Name Registered Device Returned This is being returned for lack of contrast. When a charge is blazoned "marked" of another tincture, the markings carry no difference but are still extensive enough to require blazon, as in the following case: [a badger rampant sable] The badger was originally blazoned as sable marked argent, but it is predominantly sable with only a few small argent details. We generally do not blazon a charge as "marked" when the marking details are so small. In addition, we might mistakenly give the impression that large portions of the badger (such as its underside) are argent, which might lead to emblazons that have inadequate contrast with the argent field. [Gareth Craig, 08/03, A-Æthelmearc]However, in this submission, the entire top of the badger's head is argent. Since this portion of the head lies against an argent field, identifiability of the charge is compromised. We also note that the argent markings here are not those one would expect for a badger. On resubmission, either a solid black badger, or one whose argent markings have less contact with the field, should be acceptable.
12.	Úfkell {o,}lfuss	New Name & New Device	Name Registered Device Returned The device is returned for conflict with the device of Philip Dyemoke, Potent, a wolf rampant sable. There is a single CD for the addition of the sable base. Please inform the submitter that, on resubmission, he should be aware that there are issues with contrast in this depiction: the majority of the identifying characteristics of the sable wolf were on the azure portions of the field. Were this device not returned for conflict, it may have been returned for lack of contrast and/or identifiability. The submitter should note that vair, vair en pointe, potent, and vair ancient are all period artistic variants of each other, so we do not grant difference between them, but that changing the color of the individual traits of the field (e.g., Vairy Or and gules) is considered to yield a different tincture.
13.	Wentlyana Woodville	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered There was some question whether Woodville was a period spelling of the byname. The LoI documented it as the byname of Queen Elizabeth Woodville, but contemporary records spell her byname Wydeville and it appears as Widvile on her tomb. Ragged Staff provides information demonstrating that the name was spelled Wodevyll(e) or Wodevill(e) in the 14th and 15th C: <Robert Baroun>, <Fulk Horewode>, and <John Wodevyll> are all mentioned in SC 8/298/14892 of the British National Archives, a document dated 1355-1375. 'Prebendaries: Leighton Buzzard', Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300-1541: volume 1: Lincoln diocese (1962), pp. 79-81. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32634&strquery=woodville mentions <Edward Woodville> 1467-1471 and <Lionel Woodville> 1471-1478, though it's not clear if these examples have been modernized. 'Prebendaries: Fridaythorpe', Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300-1541: volume 6: Northern province (York, Carlisle and Durham) (1963), pp. 50-52. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32529&strquery=Wodeville cites <Edmund Wodeville> 1467-1468; this form has probably not been normalized. Watts, Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, passim shows that the spelling Wode- had developed into Wood- by the 16th C. On the basis of this information, Woodville is a plausible 16th C form of the byname.
14.	Wilhelm Lich	New Badge	Badge Registered
15.	Wrenna Branch	Change of Holding Name	Name Registered Branch is the submitter's legal maiden name.

The following items have been decided by Laurel.

ELoI Letter Designation: 20081031-LOI-CAL-IA
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: October 31, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: February 2009
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: April 21, 2009

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Decision by Laurel
1.	Áine Táilliúir	New Badge	Badge Registered A vegetable lamb is a period charge, consisting of a plant whose fruits are demi-sheep. The term fructed, for vegetable lambs, refers to the whole blossom, including the sheep. Here, only the sheep are sable, the blossoms are yellow.
2.	Emmelina Lutz	New Name & New Device	Name Registered This name combines Dutch and High German, which is a step from period practice. Device Returned This device is in conflict with the badge of the Canton of Seashire, Argent, a sea-dragon erect gules, maintaining an escutcheon sable within a bordure wavy azure. There is a CD for the change of tincture of the primary charge, but nothing for the removal of the maintained escutcheon.
3.	Ivory Keep, Shire of	New Badge	Badge Registered
4.	Margaret MacKenzie	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered
5.	Mevanou of Vatavia	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Vatavia is the registered name of an SCA branch. The use of a bird displayed, other than an eagle, is a step from period practice.
6.	Mór Ballach inghean Domhnaill	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Submitted as Mór Ballach inghean Domhnaill, Gaelic grammar requires that the descriptive byname Ballach be lenited when used in a feminine name. We have changed the name to Mór Bhallach inghean Domhnaill adding the missing lenition so that we can register it. There is no evidence that a cross of Saint Brigid was used in period, let alone in period heraldry. Therefore, the use of a cross of Saint Brigid is a step from period practice.
7.	Olivia MacKay	New Badge	Badge Returned This badge is returned for lack of identifiability. Section VIII.3 of the Rules for Submissions says "Elements must be used in a design so as to preserve their individual identifiability." In this case, it is extremely difficult to identify this charge as a columbine blossom. The identifying characteristic of a columbine blossom is that the base of the blossom in the usual orientation looks like a pair of swan's heads. As drawn in this submission, most commenters thought that the flower on this badge might be a lily.
8.	Oriana de Stonham	New Device	Device Registered
9.	Rycharde de Stonham	New Device	Device Returned This device is returned for being two steps from period practice. The use of a wolf ululant has long been a step from period practice. There was a question as to whether charging ordinaries counterchanged over other ordinaries was a period practice. Noir Licorne finds this precedent: [Vert, a pile throughout Or and overall on a chevron three lozenges all counterchanged] ... We leave open the question of whether this is excessive counterchanging. If a similar design is resubmitted, we recommend that evidence of this type of counterchanging in period heraldry be provided. [Arianwen Teague, 2007/02 R-Northshield] No documentation was submitted to show that this is a period motif. Commenters easily found documentation for piles counterchanged over chevrons, but none of the motifs had any other charges anywhere in the design. Therefore, we rule that charging ordinaries which are counterchanged over other ordinaries is a step from period practice. Therefore, this device has two steps from period practice, one for the wolf ululant, another for charging an ordinary counterchanged over another ordinary.
10.	Seamus Ó Cearbhaill	New Name Change	Name Registered The submitter requested authenticity for Irish Gaelic language. Both elements are in their standard Early Modern Irish spellings, and both elements can be found in the 16th century, so this is a fine 16th C Irish Gaelic name. The name does not conflict with Shamus O'Carolan because the bynames are significantly different in sound and appearance. The byname Ó Cearbhaill was pronounced roughly \O CAR-vul\. The addition of the internal \v\ sound plus the change in number of syllables is a significant difference in sound. His previous name, Brendan O'Carroll, is retained as an alternate name.
11.	Sefa Steinólfsdóttir	New Name	Name Registered
12.	Tiberius Octavius Carinus	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered

The following items have been decided by Laurel.

ELoI Letter Designation: 20081224-LOI-CAL-EG
Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: December 24, 2008
Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: April 2009
Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: July 19, 2009

	Submitter's Name & Group	Item(s)	Decision by Laurel
1.	Aibhilín inghean Chuinn	New Name	Name Registered Listed on the LoI as Aibhlín inghean Chuinn, both the forms and the documentation spelled the given name Aibhílín. We have made this correction.
2.	Amelot Marguerite de Poitiers	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered
3.	Amelyn Pope	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Great 13th C English name!
4.	Cecelia Astudottir	New Name	Name Registered This name combines Swedish and Old Norse, which is a step from period practice.
5.	Donald Garrioch of Sothyrland	New Name	Name Registered
6.	Dylan of Vatavia	New Device Change	Device Registered His old device, Per bend sinister vert and azure, on a Celtic cross Or a sword azure, is released.
7.	Emery Le Fevre de Lyon	New Device	Device Registered There is substantial difference between Santiago and Maltese crosses. Therefore, this submission is clear of the device of Cristóbal Vázquez de Narriahondo, Per pale azure and argent, a cross of Santiago counterchanged under section X.2 of the Rules for Submission. This was pended on the August 2008 LoAR.
8.	Ian of Treemoore	Release of Name and Armory	Name & Device Released
9.	Juliana Macnayre and William Fletcher of Carbery	New Badge	Badge Registered
10.	Loch Smythe, Canton Of	New Branch Name & New Device	Name & Device Returned The branch name is returned for lack of documentation that Loch Smythe follows a pattern of period Scottish place names. While the submitters showed a number of Scottish place names containing the element Loch, none of these examples followed the pattern Loch + . In all of the examples provided, either the etymology of the second element was unknown or undetermined, or it was Gaelic. Effrick neyn Kenyocht explains: The forms I found so far in Scots that use are either (semi)phonetic renderings of the Gaelic name for the loch (usually in the form Loch X or Lochx) or else have the form Loch of [place] or X Loch (that is, use standard Scots/English word order when they are not phonetic renderings of Gaelic). Nothing I have found looks even remotely like any combination of plus an occupation (or surname), in any order. I have searched and browsed through the Dictionary of the Scots Language (http://www.dsl.ac.uk) and the Records of the Parliament of Scotland (http://rps.ac.uk/), as well as my own transcriptions from the Aberdeen Council Register 1500-1550. Lacking evidence that Smythe is either a phonetic or semi-phonetic rendering of a Gaelic name for a loch, or that it is a plausible standalone place name, Loch Smythe is not registerable. Since the name is returned, we must return the device: we cannot form holding names for groups.
11.	Mea Giuseppi da Firenze	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered
12.	Österle Ostfrieslandter	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Submitted as Österle Ostfrieslander, the byname Ostfrieslander was constructed on the basis of a citation for Ostfriesland on a map from 1589. However, the map spells the region Ostfrieslandt. We have changed the name to Österle Ostfrieslandter to match the available documentation.
13.	Owain ap Blethyn Llwyd	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Submitted as Owain ap Bleddyn Llwyd, the documentation for all of the elements of this name was problematic. Both Owain and Bleddyn were documented from Gruffudd, Welsh Names for Children, but no copies for this source were provided. While Gruffudd was once listed on Appendix H, that is no longer the case. Therefore, photocopies are required for documentation from this source. Additionally, Gruffudd uses standard modern forms of names, which are not automatically registerable. We rule on the Cover Letter to this LoAR that this source is no longer acceptable as the sole documentation for a name element. Additionally, no documentation at all was provided for Llywd on the LoI, nor was any request for help documenting this element made. We remind submissions heralds that all elements of a name must be documented, and that failure to do so can result in the undocumented elements being dropped from the name, or the entire name returned. Alternative documentation for the name can be given. Reaney & Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, s.n. Owen date Owain to 1242. The spelling Llwyd can be justified as an extrapolation from Llwyt, used as a given name in the mid 14th C according to Morgan & Morgan, Welsh Surnames, s.n. Llwyd, and numerous examples of the byname ending in -d in the same entry. However, all of the period examples of Bleddyn in Morgan & Morgan s.n. Bleddyn spell the name with th rather than dd. We have changed the name to Owain ap Blethyn Llwyd to match the available documentation in order to register the name. This device is not in conflict with the device of Tankred Bras-de-Fer, Purpure, a chevron ployé between two leopards' heads jessant-de-lys and an acorn inverted Or. There is a CD for changing the type of the secondaries, as we consider heads jessant-de-lys to be a single charge. There is also a CD for inverting the basemost charge, since we consider the basemost charge in a two-and-one arrangement to be half the group.
14.	Roscelin MacKenzie	New Name & New Device	Name & Device Registered Listed on the LoI as Roscelin MacKenze, the name was originally submitted as Roscelin MacKenzie and changed in kingdom. Black, The Surnames of Scotland, s.n. MacKenzie dates M'Cenzie to 1560 and McKenzie to 1606. In these names, both M' and Mc are scribal abbreviations for Mac, so MacKenzie is an unremarkable Scots spelling at the end of our period. The given name Roscelin was dated to 1150 and 1221; combining it with MacKenzie is one step from period practice, because of the temporal disparity between the elements, but as that is the only one, Roscelin MacKenzie is registerable. We have therefore restored the name to the originally submitted form.
15.	Sean Traveler	New Name	Name Registered Submitted as Sean the Traveler, the name was two steps from period practice, one for combining Gaelic and English in the same name, and another for the use of the SCA-compatible byname the Traveler. Concerning the byname the Traveler, Pelican Emeritus argues: The original precedent, set for <The Wanderer> in 12/1995 says only "[registering Johan Gregor the Wanderer] Contrary to the assertion in the LoI, the Wanderer is not a standard English byname; it is a standard SCA byname for which no period citation has yet been found. (Talan Gwynek, LoAR December 1995, p. 8): The precedent concerning <The Traveller>, springs like Athena full-grown from the head of <the Wanderer> in 10/2001, when we find "No evidence has been found that the bynames the Wanderer or the Traveler were used in English in period. However, they are both SCA compatible. Though the correct modern spelling is Traveler, the spelling that has been registered most often is Traveller. Therefore, this byname is registerable in both the spelling the Traveler and the Traveller. [Mihrimah the Traveler, 10/01, R-Ansteorra, returned for two weirdnesses]" So, it appears, then, that <the wanderer> and <the traveller> are not registerable as English bynames because we have no example of them as English bynames. However, this is a much stricter standard than the RfS supplies. Ideally, yes, words used as bynames should be found as bynames. But the rules (specifically 2.II) also assert (emphasis mine) "Documented names and words may be used to form place names, patronymics, epithets, and other names in a period manner. So, the question then is not "was the traveller ever used as an English byname in period" but rather "Was the meaning and usage of the traveller such in period that it is consistent with epithets found in England in period?" I believe the answer is yes, it is. First, the word is definately applied specifically to humans (and to specific people and/or classes of people). The OED s.v. Traveller gives these examples under "a person..going from place to place..a wayfarer, a passenger" 'c1375 Sc. Leg. Saints xxv. (Julian) 20 Sic hope in-to sancte Iulyane e traualouris ane had tane. c1475 Rauf Coilear 82 Fyre, drink, nor meit, Nor nane vther eismentis for trauellouris behufe. 1552 ABP. HAMILTON Catech. (1884) 51 Certane travelars will nocht begin thair jornay on the satterday. a1591 H. SMITH Serm. (1637) 327 A traveller passeth from towne unto towne, untill he come to his Inne'. Under the definition of one who travels abroad or to foreign places, there is "1556 ROBINSON tr. More's Utop., P. Giles to Buslyde (1895) p. xcvi, The very famous and renowmed trauailer Vlysses". In fact, the only reference in the OED that is not to a human in period is this one -- "1597 GERARDE Herbal II. cccxi. 739 Decking and adorning waies and hedges, where people trauell, and thereupon I haue named it the Traueilers Ioie. 1678 PHILLIPS (ed. 4), Travailours-joy, a sort of Herb called in Latin Clematis." -- which gives a folk name to a plant after a human occupation or pursuit. Certainly the similar "wayfarer" seems a reasonable byname; especially paired in this quotation with bynames for various other lowlife characters: "1514 BARCLAY Eglog iii. (1570) Bvjb, Iugglers and pipers, and scuruy wayfarers." In addition, the OED notes traveller as a "noun agent + -er", with a crossref to -er(2), which says " 2. ME. -er, a. AF. -er (OF. -ier) in ns. which descend from L. forms in -rius, -rium (see -ARY), or which were formed in Fr. after the analogy of those so descending. Where the L. type of the suffix is the masc. -rius, it has usually the sense 'a person connected with', and the words are designations of office or occupation, as butler, carpenter, draper, grocer, mariner, officer. (So also in a few ME. adoptions of OF. fem. ns. in -iere:L. -ria, as chamberer, lavender.) Where the suffix represents the L. neuter -rium, the sense is 'a thing connected with', 'a receptacle for', as in antiphoner, danger, garner, etc." So, Traveller is a descriptive word applied exclusively to humans in period, from at least the 14th C, formed in the manner of other descriptive bynames -- so, why is this epithet SCA-compatible, rather than just registerable under 2.II? I think it should be just a registerable, constructed byname. Batonvert provides examples of documented bynames with similar meanings: And to these citations from the OED, let us add actual period bynames: Alice Wayfarar, 1394, and Emma Weyfare, 1327 (Jönsjö, Middle English Nicknames, pp.185-6); and Robert Peregrine* "traveler from foreign lands", 1243 (Reaney & Wilson 351, s.n. Pilgrim). Petr. Wydefare, 1279; and Ad. Rideway "ride away", 1218 (Jönsjö, op.cit, pp.190, 151). There are also multiple examples of some form of Romfare, referring to pilgrims to Rome. All of these support the concept of a traveler as a period byname... though I note they seem to be concentrated in the time period when such travel would be a distinguishing feature worthy of a byname. We agree with the assessment of Pelican Emeritus. On the basis of the examples cited by her and by Batonvert, Traveler, without the definite article, follows period patterns of descriptive bynames in English. We hereby rule that Traveler, or another period spelling of the term, is no longer considered SCA-compatible, but is registerable as a constructed byname (though of course we would encourage people to use one of the actually documented bynames instead of Traveler). While none of the commenters were able to find an explicit example of the spelling traveler in our period, the single -l- spelling is consistent with spellings found in the Middle English Dictionary s.v. travailour. We have changed the name to Sean_Traveler in order to register it. This has just one step from period practice, for combining Gaelic and English.
16.	Shimazu Fujigorou Yoshi	New Name & New Device	Name Registered Device Returned This device is returned for using an animal not known to Europeans in period. While goldfish were apparently brought to Portugal by Jesuits in 1611, the fantail variety was not known in period Europe: This device must be returned for using a charge which has not been demonstrated to have been known to Europeans in period. Goldfish have long been bred as pets in China, but the fantail goldfish appears to have originated during the Ming dynasty. They do not appear to have been known to Western Europe until the 19th century. This places them outside the domain of the Society, making them unsuitable as heraldic charges, barring evidence that they were known to Western Europeans in period. Lacking such evidence, we must return the device. [Elinor Strangewayes of Dorset, 07/2007] While we have, in the past, registered items of equivalent sizes to the submission as co-primary charges, please instruct the submitter that, if he wishes to resubmit a similar motif, the flower should be drawn larger, to be unmistakably a coprimary charge with the fish.
17.	Thomas the Black	New Badge	Badge Registered The trident head on this badge does not contribute to difference.
18.	Volkmar Katzbalger	New Other Augmentation	Device Registered There were calls to return this for violating Section VII.2.b (Contrast Requirements) of the Rules for Submission, specifically VII.2.b.i, which says "The field must have good contrast with every charge placed directly on it and with charges placed overall." However, section VIII.7 says that "The augmentation may, however, on a case by case basis break the rules in relation to the original armory." Given the numerous examples in Stemmario Trivulziano of chiefs of allegiance which have poor contrast or absolutely no contrast, and the numerous registrations of charged cantons which would violate this rule were it not for a contrasting border, we are following period practice and allowing this augmentation to break the rule of tincture as they did. In the future, a contrasting bordure or charge throughout which sets the augmentation off from the field will be allowed for augmentations, though not in normal practice. The submitter has permission to conflict with the ensign of Calontir, Purpure, a cross of Calatrava Or. Please instruct the submitter to draw the cross truly throughout, and not slightly cut off in fess.

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Results from Laurel are IN!
ELoI Letter Designation: 20080126-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: January 26, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: May 2008 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: October 8, 2008	ELoI Letter Designation: 20080223-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: February 23, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: June 2008 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: November 21, 2008
ELoI Letter Designation: 20080326-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: March 26, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: July 2008 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: November 25, 2008	ELoI Letter Designation: 20080429-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: April 29, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: August 2008 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: December 12, 2008
ELoI Letter Designation: 20080531-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: May 31, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: September 2008 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: December 31, 2008	ELoI Letter Designation: 20080630-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: June 30, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: October 2008 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: January 9, 2009
ELoI Letter Designation: 20080719-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: July 19, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: November 2008 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: January 28, 2009	ELoI Letter Designation: 20080831-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: August 31, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: December 2008 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: February 28, 2009
ELoI Letter Designation: 20080930-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: September 30, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: January 2009 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: April 8, 2009	ELoI Letter Designation: 20081031-LOI-CAL-IA Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: October 31, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: February 2009 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: April 21, 2009
ELoI Letter Designation: 20081224-LOI-CAL-EG Date the ELoI Letter left the Kingdom: December 24, 2008 Date the Laurel-of-Arms Office decides on these submissions: April 2009 Date the Saker Herald Office received the results of the Laurel decisions: July 19, 2009
Awaiting Laurel Decision

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SUBMISSIONS 2008